is used in beach flags and markers whenever possible for greater ease in identification. SIGNAL OR MARKER LIGHTS Signal or marker lights should be of sufficient intensity to be visible at a distance of at least 1,000 yards. Beach and unloading marker lights should be directional with not over 10-point visibility to seaward only. Should marker lights conflict, unloading-point marker lights may be one-half the intensity of beach center and flank markers. DISPLAY OF STANDARD FLAGS AND MARKERS Boats, craft, and amphibious vehicles in scheduled waves should remove from sight all special designators, such as flags and boat team paddles, at the time of crossing the LOD. Required designators should again be displayed following the landing of the last scheduled wave, or earlier if directed by the beachmaster, as shown in figure 12-9. FLAG REQUIREMENTS All wave guide officer, BWC, salvage, medical, safety, and ABGC boats should carry the ZERO, the WHISKEY, and the numeral flags for all waves in order to facilitate substitution of one boat for another, if required. NIGHT AND LOW-VISIBILITY SIGNALS At night and during conditions of low visibility, colored lights should be used instead of flags and other daylight markers. All-around lights, except oceanographic markers, should be displayed only after H-hour. During darkness, screened wake lights should be used on the sterns of all assault boats and vehicles. Lights should be displayed as indicated in figure 12-10. BOAT TEAM PADDLES Each boat team should be provided with a boat team paddle on which is prominently marked the boat team number that is shown in the landing craft and amphibious vehicle assignment table. A member of each boat team should be designated to display the paddle prominently at all times that the team is in the landing craft or amphibious vehicle, until the LOD has been crossed. 1. Paddle Number—The number on the paddle indicates both the scheduled wave number and the position of the boat or amphibious vehicle in that wave. The first digit(s) indicate(s) the wave; the last digit(s), the position within the wave. For example, boat team paddle 2-3 (fig. 12-11) indicates the third boat or amphibious vehicle in the second wave; boat team paddle 9-3 indicates the third boat or amphibious vehicle in the ninth wave. Each coxswain should be furnished with a copy of the landing diagram showing wave composition and timing. 2. Visibility—Boat team paddles are constructed for good visibility at a considerable distance, yet are easy to handle. They are three-sided, readable from any direction, with black numerals on a white background. Paddles are made to the following specifications: Three rectangularly shaped boards, 14 by 10—inches, nailed together to form a three-sided figure, attached to a wooden staff 6—feet by 2—inches by 2—inches Black numerals, 7— inches high, on a white background 3. Boats carrying serials and free boats-These boats should display paddles on which is clearly marked the serial number of the embarked serial. Each ship is responsible for ensuring that boats carrying serials unloaded from that ship clearly display the correct serial numbers. The numbers must be displayed constantly until the landing craft has beached. Cargo Identification Boats carrying various types of cargo display distinctive flags or lights so control and beach party personnel may readily identify the type of cargo embarked. The colored and numeral flags or colored lights used to identify various types of cargo are listed in figure 12-12. For example, a boat that is assigned to a floating dump and carries flame-thrower fuel flies a 3 flag under a GREEN flag or, at night, shows a fixed RED light under a fixed GREEN light. Load Dispatching Signals All signals normally are paralleled by voice radio from the central control ship. All lights used are shielded and aimed at the approaching wave only. 12-13