prongs down into the four flutes of the tap. Then slide
the bottom collar down to the surface of the work so
it will hold the prongs tightly against the body of the
extractor. Tighten the tap wrench on the square shank
of the extractor and carefully work the extractor back
and forth to loosen the tap. It may be necessary to
remove the extractor and strike a few sharp blows
with a small hammer and pin punch to jar the tap
loose. Then reinsert the tap remover and carefully try
to back the tap out of the hole.
Figure 2-16.—Pipe and tubing cutters.
PIPE AND TUBING CUTTERS
AND FLARING TOOLS
Pipe cutters (fig. 2-16) are used to cut pipe made
of steel, brass, copper, wrought iron, and lead. Tube
cutters (fig. 2-16) are used to cut tubing made of iron,
steel, brass, copper, and aluminum. The essential dif-
ference between pipe and tubing is that tubing has
considerably thinner walls. Flaring tools (fig. 2-17)
are used to make single or double flares in the ends of
tubing.
Two sizes of hand pipe cutters are generally used
in the Navy. The No. 1 pipe cutter has a cutting
capacity of 1/8 to 2 inches, and the No. 2 pipe cutter
has a cutting capacity of 2 to 4 inches. The pipe cutter
has a special alloy-steel cutting wheel and two pres-
sure rollers that are adjusted and tightened by turning
the handle.
Most tube cutters closely resemble pipe cutters,
except they are of lighter construction. A hand screw
feed tubing cutter of 1/8-inch to 1 1/4-inch capacity
has two rollers with cutouts located off center so that
cracked flares may be held in them and cut off without
waste of tubing. It also has a retractable cutter blade
that is adjusted by turning a knob. The other tube
cutter shown is designed to cut tubing up to and
including 3/4- and 1-inch O.D. Rotation of the trian-
gular portion of the tube cutter within the tubing will
eliminate any burrs.
Flaring tools are used to flare soft copper, brass,
or aluminum. The single flaring tool consists of a split
Figure 2-17.—Flaring tools.
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