FLAP, CORNER—One of the small, rectangular cloth tabs that are part of the container side flaps and act as protection and reinforcement of the container corners when the parachute is packed. FLAP, END—A cloth extension on the short sides of the container base that folds over to enclose the canopy. One of the end flaps is usually designed as the ripcord end flap. FLAP, SIDE—A cloth extension on each of the long sides of the container base, which folds over and encloses the canopy. Each side flap is designated according to the fittings it carries; for example, locking cone side flaps or grommet side flap. FLARING—The process of opening or widening; for example, the method of splitting, taping, and stitching the ends of webbing in order to widen and prevent it from slipping through an adapter. FLOAT, MULTIPLE—A place in cloth where a series of floats extend 3/16 inch or more. FLOAT, SINGLE—A place in cloth where a filling or warp yarn extends unbound over the pick(s) with which it should be interlaced. FOLDER—A device used as an attachment to a sewing machine to guide and fold cloth. FRAME, CONTAINER—The framework used to stiffen and hold the container in shape. FRAYED (SUSPENSION LINE)—A fuzzy condition in which short lengths or pieces of thread or yarn protrude from surface of suspension line. FREEZING POINT—Temperature at which a given liquid substance will solidify or freeze upon removal of heat. Freezing point of water is 32°F (0°C). FULL—In reference to oxygen cylinders, a full oxygen cylinder is a cylinder that is pressurized to its rated pressure. With respect to a high- -pressure oxygen cylinder, 1800 psig is considered full. FUNCTIONAL TEST—A test that puts an item to use to determine if it operates properly. GAPL—Abbreviation for Group Assembly Parts List. The GAPL, a section of the Illus- trated Parts Breakdown, shows how major assemblies are dissembled into assemblies and detail parts. GORE—That portion of the canopy located between two adjacent radial seams and the vent and skirt hem. It consists of cloth sections sewn together. GROMMET—A metal eye and washer used to reinforce a hole in material; for example, grommets on container side flaps. H₂0—Abbreviation for water. HANDLE, RIPCORD—The handle secured to the ripcord cable and retained in a pocket located on the harness or container. Pulling of the handle begins the process of parachute opening. Often referred to as hand-pull or grip. HARNESS—An arrangement of webbing straps used to attach a parachute to the aircrewman. The harness serves as a sling to support the aircrewman during descent. HARNESS, CHEST-TYPE—A harness assembly used with attachable, chest-type parachute. HARNESS, MAIN SLING—The main load- carrying member of the harness. Formed by two lengths of webbing, it is routed from the shoulder adapters or D-rings down across the seat, up the side ending at the opposite adapters or D-rings. HEAT EXCHANGER—Apparatus in which heat is exchanged from one fluid to another. HEAVY BAR OR PLACE—An area on cloth where pick count varies from normal count. See also PICK. HEM—A border or reinforced edge formed by folding cloth back and securing it, usually by sewing; for example, vent and skirt hem of a parachute canopy. Hg—Abbreviation for mercury. HOLE, CLOTH DAMAGE—Three or more warp and/or filling threads broken at the same location. AI-6