Filter/separators. Fuel-quality monitor. Relaxation chambers. Pressure and differential  pressure gages. Meter (temperature-compensating meters are de- sired). Approved aircraft-refueling hoses. Dry-break quick-disconnect coupling. Hose-end pressure regulator. Approved aircraft-refueling nozzles. NOTE Refueler/defuelers have two sepa- rate hose/pressure nozzle assemblies: one includes a hose end pressure regu- lator (for refueling service) and the other doesn’t (for defueling opera- tions). Bonding cable. Aircraft fuel servicing vehicles must have at least two fire extinguishers installed: One must be on the left front (driver’s) side, readily accessible from the operator (refueler control panel) position. The other extinguisher must be on the right rear portion of the vehicle. Remote, hand-held deadman control. Tires are of a non-FOD type, with slick tread or wide-lug, wide-groove tread. The tread must NOT have a narrow groove design, in which small stones and foreign matter could become imbedded and deposited on airfield surfaces. Recaps and slicks are not authorized for use on the steering wheels when the vehicle is operated off base. The exhaust of all engines, including auxiliary en- gines, must have a suitable spark arrestor. Refuelers/Defuelers The most ideal and cost-effective method of han- dling non-suspect defueled aviation turbine fuel is to reissue it to an aircraft. Most facilities that handle size able quantities of such fuel have designated one or more aircraft refueling trucks as “refueler/defuelers.” In addition to the requirements for refuelers, refu- eler/defuelers must also meet the following minimum requirements: Refuel/defuel trucks carry the marking “JET FUEL/JP” in place of the normal markings (for exam- ple, “JP-5 JET FUEL F-44” or “JP-4 JET FUEL F-40”). A dedicated defuel connection to piping system that passes the fuel through the pump, falter/separator, monitor, and relaxation chamber before it enters the tank. Separate hose and nozzle assemblies provided on refuel/defuelers for each of the two different opera- tions, refueling and defueling. Maximum defuel is 100 gpm. High-level alarm. A high-level cutoff system is also highly recommended. Defuelers Defuelers are used for defueling only. Fuel placed in a defueler is not to be directly reissued into an aircraft; since the defueler is generally configured without filtration equipment, the fuel placed in a de- fueler unit is often suspect. Fuel in a defueler must be sampled and tested to determine disposition. CAUTION Hose evacuation systems must NOT be used for defueling. Defuelers must have the following minimum re- quirements: A centrifugal pump with the maximum defuel rate of 100 gpm A cutoff or alarm system for overfill protection A defuel hose and nozzle PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROGRAM (INSPECTIONS) Proper maintenance is critical to the delivery of clean, dry, uncontaminated fuel to aircraft. A well- executed and documented PM program will help achieve this goal, but a formal inspection program is also necessary. The implementation of an inspection program is the responsibility of the Fuel Management 7-10